Mahmud II (Ottoman Turkish Ottoman Turkish is the variety of the Turkish language that was used as the administrative and literary language of the Ottoman Empire. It contains extensive borrowings from Arabic and Persian languages and was written in a variant of the Perso-Arabic script. As a result of this process, Ottoman Turkish was largely unintelligible to the less-: محمود ثاني Mahmud-ı sānī) (20 July 1785 – 1 July 1839) was the 30th Sultan Sultan is an Islamic title, with several historical meanings. Originally it was an Arabic language abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", or "rulership", derived from the masdar سلطة sulṭah, meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain Muslim of the Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire or Ottoman State , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey (see the other names of the Ottoman State), was an Islamic empire that lasted from 1299 to November 1, 1922 (as an imperial monarchy) or July 24, 1923 (de jure, as a state). It was succeeded by the Republic of Turkey, which was officially from 1808 until his death in 1839. He was born at Topkapi Palace The Topkapı Palace or in Ottoman Turkish: طوپقپو سرايى, usually spelled "Topkapi" in English) is a palace in Istanbul, Turkey, which was the official and primary residence in the city of the Ottoman Sultans for 400 years of their 600-year reign, from 1465 to 1856, Constantinople Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey and fifth largest city proper in the world with a population of 12.8 million. Istanbul is also a megacity, as well as the cultural, economic, and financial centre of Turkey. The city covers 39 districts of the Istanbul province. It is located on the Bosphorus Strait and encompasses the natural harbour known,[1] the son of Sultan Abdul Hamid I. His reign is notable mostly for the extensive legal and military reforms he instituted. His mother was Valide Sultan Valide Sultan (literally "Mother Sultan") was the title held by the mother of a ruling Sultan in the Ottoman Empire. The Turkish pronunciation of the word Valide is [valiˈde]. The title is sometimes translated as Queen Mother, although the position of Valide Sultan was quite different Naksh-i-Dil Haseki Aimée du Buc de Rivéry was a French heiress, a cousin of Empress Josephine, who went missing at sea at the age of eleven. There is a legend that she was captured by pirates, sold as a harem concubine, and was the same person as Naksh-i-Dil Haseki, a Valide Sultan (Queen Mother) of the Ottoman Empire, though there is no evidence of this Sultan (there have been speculations that she was a cousin of Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte , was a military and political leader of France and Emperor of the French as Napoleon I, whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century's wife Josephine Joséphine de Beauharnais was the first wife of Napoléon Bonaparte, and thus the first Empress of the French. Through her daughter, Hortense, she was the maternal grandmother of Napoléon III. Through her son, she was the great-grandmother of later Swedish and Danish kings and queens, as well as the last Queen of Greece. The current reigning, but this is now widely regarded as false;[2] see Aimée du Buc de Rivéry).
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ue, 15 Dec 2009 13:09:56 GM
1- Ay e Sine-perver Valide Sultan; IV. Mustafa'n n annesi ve IV. Kad nefendi . 2. - Nak - Dil Valide Sultan; . II. . . Mahmud. 'un annesi ve oence kinci kbal sonra Kad n Efendi 3- Hatice Ruh- ah Ba Kad n Efendi 4- Huema ah Ba Kad n Efendi ...
